1. The effects of direct brain stimulation in humans depend on frequency ...
Abstract. Background. Researchers have used direct electrical brain stimulation to treat a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Researchers have used direct electrical brain stimulation to treat a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, for brain stimulation to be maximally effective, clinicians and researchers should optimize stimulation parameters ...
2. A Direct Brain-to-Brain Interface in Humans - PMC - PubMed Central
We describe the first direct brain-to-brain interface in humans and present results from experiments involving six different subjects.
We describe the first direct brain-to-brain interface in humans and present results from experiments involving six different subjects. Our non-invasive interface, demonstrated originally in August 2013, combines electroencephalography (EEG) for ...
3. BrainNet: A Multi-Person Brain-to-Brain Interface for Direct ...
16 apr 2019 · We present BrainNet which, to our knowledge, is the first multi-person non-invasive direct brain-to-brain interface for collaborative problem solving.
We present BrainNet which, to our knowledge, is the first multi-person non-invasive direct brain-to-brain interface for collaborative problem solving. The interface combines electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain signals and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to deliver information noninvasively to the brain. The interface allows three human subjects to collaborate and solve a task using direct brain-to-brain communication. Two of the three subjects are designated as “Senders” whose brain signals are decoded using real-time EEG data analysis. The decoding process extracts each Sender’s decision about whether to rotate a block in a Tetris-like game before it is dropped to fill a line. The Senders’ decisions are transmitted via the Internet to the brain of a third subject, the “Receiver,” who cannot see the game screen. The Senders’ decisions are delivered to the Receiver’s brain via magnetic stimulation of the occipital cortex. The Receiver integrates the information received from the two Senders and uses an EEG interface to make a decision about either turning the block or keeping it in the same orientation. A second round of the game provides an additional chance for the Senders to evaluate the Receiver’s decision and send feedback to the Receiver’s brain, and for the Receiver to rectify a possible incorrect decision made in the first round. We evaluated the performance of BrainNet in terms of (1) Group-level performance during the game, (2) True/False positi...
4. The brain digitalization: it's all happening so fast! - Frontiers
In this review we discuss the impact of technology on our mental health and brains, emphasizing on the need to take into account our brain capacities.
“We had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.” Norbert Wiener, 1960
5. Mind & Brain News - ScienceDaily
Psychology news from leading research institutes around the world. Research on relationships, new treatments for mental health conditions, and more.
Psychology news from leading research institutes around the world. Research on relationships, new treatments for mental health conditions, and more. Updated daily.
6. Brain connectivity changes to fast versus slow dopamine increases
7 feb 2024 · Fast dopamine increases are uniquely associated with connectivity patterns that have relevance for the subjective experience of drug reward.
The rewarding effects of stimulant drugs such as methylphenidate (MP) depend crucially on how fast they raise dopamine in the brain. Yet how the rate of drug-induced dopamine increases impacts brain network communication remains unresolved. We manipulated route of MP administration to generate fast versus slow dopamine increases. We hypothesized that fast versus slow dopamine increases would result in a differential pattern of global brain connectivity (GBC) in association with regional levels of dopamine D1 receptors, which are critical for drug reward. Twenty healthy adults received MP intravenously (0.5 mg/kg; fast dopamine increases) and orally (60 mg; slow dopamine increases) during simultaneous [11C]raclopride PET-fMRI scans (double-blind, placebo-controlled). We tested how GBC was temporally associated with slow and fast dopamine increases on a minute-to-minute basis. Connectivity patterns were strikingly different for slow versus fast dopamine increases, and whole-brain spatial patterns were negatively correlated with one another (rho = −0.54, pspin < 0.001). GBC showed “fast>slow” associations in dorsal prefrontal cortex, insula, posterior thalamus and brainstem, caudate and precuneus; and “slow>fast” associations in ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, and frontopolar cortex (pFDR < 0.05). “Fast>slow” GBC patterns showed significant spatial correspondence with D1 receptor availability (estimated via normative maps of [11C]SCH23390 binding; rho = 0....
7. What makes the brain tick so fast? | University of Oxford
1 mrt 2016 · Surprisingly complex interactions between neurotransmitter receptors and other key proteins help explain the brain's ability to process information with ...
Surprisingly complex interactions between neurotransmitter receptors and other key proteins help explain the brain's ability to process information with lightning speed, according to a new study.
8. Staying mentally active | nidirect
Keeping yourself mentally, as well as physically fit, will make you feel better, improve your brain power - and help you to stay independent for longer.
Studies show that mental decline is not an inevitable part of ageing. People who lead intellectually stimulating lives are more likely to be free of dementia conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
9. The Human Brain Encodes a Chronicle of Visual Events at Each ...
25 aug 2021 · ... content present on the retina at a given instant. Because stimulus orientation is circular, the encoding and decoding analyses of stimulus ...
The human brain continuously processes streams of visual input. Yet, a single image typically triggers neural responses that extend beyond 1s. To understand how the brain encodes and maintains successive images, we analyzed with electroencephalography the brain activity of human subjects while they watched ∼5000 visual stimuli presented in fast sequences. First, we confirm that each stimulus can be decoded from brain activity for ∼1s, and we demonstrate that the brain simultaneously represents multiple images at each time instant. Second, we source localize the corresponding brain responses in the expected visual hierarchy and show that distinct brain regions represent, at each time instant, different snapshots of past stimulations. Third, we propose a simple framework to further characterize the dynamical system of these traveling waves. Our results show that a chain of neural circuits, which each consist of (1) a hidden maintenance mechanism and (2) an observable update mechanism, accounts for the dynamics of macroscopic brain representations elicited by visual sequences. Together, these results detail a simple architecture explaining how successive visual events and their respective timings can be simultaneously represented in the brain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Our retinas are continuously bombarded with a rich flux of visual input. Yet, how our brain continuously processes such visual streams is a major challenge to neuroscience. Here, we developed techniques to decode an...
10. Foods linked to better brainpower - Harvard Health
3 apr 2024 · Research shows that the best brain foods are the same ones that ... direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.
See AlsoF.D. Lake - Company Information...
11. Brain Architecture
These connections enable lightning-fast communication among neurons that specialize in different kinds of brain functions. ... paper 15, "Connecting the Brain to ...
Early experiences affect the development of brain architecture, which provides the foundation for all future learning, behavior, and health.
12. A Multi-Person Brain-to-Brain Interface for Direct Collaboration Between ...
23 sep 2018 · Abstract page for arXiv paper 1809.08632: BrainNet: A Multi-Person Brain-to-Brain Interface for Direct Collaboration Between Brains.
We present BrainNet which, to our knowledge, is the first multi-person non-invasive direct brain-to-brain interface for collaborative problem solving. The interface combines electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain signals and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to deliver information noninvasively to the brain. The interface allows three human subjects to collaborate and solve a task using direct brain-to-brain communication. Two of the three subjects are "Senders" whose brain signals are decoded using real-time EEG data analysis to extract decisions about whether to rotate a block in a Tetris-like game before it is dropped to fill a line. The Senders' decisions are transmitted via the Internet to the brain of a third subject, the "Receiver," who cannot see the game screen. The decisions are delivered to the Receiver's brain via magnetic stimulation of the occipital cortex. The Receiver integrates the information received and makes a decision using an EEG interface about either turning the block or keeping it in the same position. A second round of the game gives the Senders one more chance to validate and provide feedback to the Receiver's action. We evaluated the performance of BrainNet in terms of (1) Group-level performance during the game; (2) True/False positive rates of subjects' decisions; (3) Mutual information between subjects. Five groups of three subjects successfully used BrainNet to perform the Tetris task, with an average accuracy of 0.813. Furthermore...
13. In the blink of an eye | MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology
16 jan 2014 · ... brain and cognitive sciences and senior author of the study. image: Christine Daniloff/MIT. This rapid-fire processing may help direct the ...
MIT neuroscientists find the brain can identify images seen for as little as 13 milliseconds.
14. Fast transient networks in spontaneous human brain activity
25 mrt 2014 · These studies have shown evidence that functional connectivity within whole brain networks exhibit temporal variability on a time scale of ...
When subjects lie motionless inside scanners without any particular task to perform, their brains show stereotyped patterns of activity across regions known as resting state networks. Each network consists of areas with a common function, such as the ‘motor’ network or the ‘visual’ network. The role of resting state networks is unclear, but these spontaneous activity patterns are altered in disorders including autism, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer’s disease. One puzzling feature of resting state networks is that they seem to last for relatively long times. However, the majority of studies into resting state networks have used fMRI brain scans, in which changes in the level of oxygen in the blood are used as a proxy for the activity of a given brain region. Since changes in blood oxygen occur relatively slowly, the ability of fMRI to detect rapid changes in activity is limited: it is thus possible that the long-lived nature of resting state networks is an artefact of the use of fMRI. Now, Baker et al. have used a different type of brain scan known as an MEG scan to show that the activity of resting state networks is shorter lived than previously thought. MEG scanners measure changes in the magnetic fields generated by electrical currents in the brain, which means that they can detect alterations in brain activity much more rapidly than fMRI. MEG recordings from the brains of nine healthy subjects revealed that individual resting state networks were typically stable for only 100...
15. Direct Communication Between Brains: A Systematic PRISMA ...
This paper aims to review the current state of brain-to-brain interface (B2BI) technology and its potential. B2BIs function via a brain-computer interface ...
This paper aims to review the current state of brain-to-brain interface (B2BI) technology and its potential. B2BIs function via a brain-computer interface (B...
16. Media multitaskers pay mental price, Stanford study shows
24 aug 2009 · High-tech jugglers are everywhere – keeping up several e-mail and instant message conversations at once, text messaging while watching ...
Think you can talk on the phone, send an instant message and read your e-mail all at once? Stanford researchers say even trying may impair your cognitive control.
17. Ultra-processed foods – like cookies, chips, frozen meals and fast food
31 jan 2023 · Lots of ingredients, minimal nutrition · Parsing the research · Brain-healthy diets · The uncertainties · Recent News.
Surprisingly, even packaged foods that contain healthy components can qualify as ultra-processed. Jamie Grill Photography/Tetra Images via Getty Images Sara N. Burke, University of Florida Scientists have known for years that unhealthy diets – particularly those that are high in fat and sugar – may cause detrimental changes to the brain and lead to cognitive…
18. 5 Mind and Brain | How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and ...
Studies have found alterations in the weight and thickness of the cerebral cortex of rats that had direct contact with a stimulating physical environment and an ...
Read chapter 5 Mind and Brain: First released in the Spring of 1999, How People Learn has been expanded to show how the theories and insights from the ori...
